What Does It Mean That Organisms Have A Nearly Universal Genetic Code? (2023)

Answer:

The pituitary gland refers to a small gland, which is situated in the sella turcica. It is considered the master gland of the body. The pituitary gland comprises two prime parts, the posterior pituitary gland and the anterior pituitary gland. The anterior pituitary gland produces six hormones and discharged them into the bloodstream.

The following are the hormones produced by anterior pituitary gland:

1. The growth hormone that monitors metabolism, growth and body composition.

2. Adrenocorticotropic hormone that instigates the adrenal glands to produce steroid hormones, mainly cortisol.

3. Follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, also called gonadotropins, which functions on the testes or ovaries to instigate the production of sex hormone, and maturity of sperm and egg.

4. The thyroid-stimulating hormone that instigates the thyroid gland to discharge thyroid hormones.

5. Prolactin that instigates the production of milk.

Answer:

The correct answer is left ventricle.

Explanation:

The heart of a human being is differentiated into four chambers, that is, two ventricles and two auricles. Heart functions as a pumping organ and mediates both deoxygenated and oxygenated blood in the left and right ventricles. If any of the chambers is not working effectively, it may result in a specific disease in the individuals.

In case, if failure of the function of the left ventricle of the heart takes place then a disease termed as pulmonary heart failure results. The function of the left ventricle is to carry blood away from the heart to the tissues of the body, thus, its failure may result in the backup of blood in the lungs.

Answer:

The given blank can be filled with motor proteins.

Explanation:

Both cilia and flagella are the projections arising from the cell. They are formed of microtubules and are enveloped by an extension of the plasma membrane. They both are motile and are developed either to move the cell itself or to move substance over or around the cell. The main objective of cilia in mammalian cells is to move mucus, fluid, or cells over the surface.

Flagella are generally found on the gametes, however, they develop the water currents essential for circulation and respiration in coelenterates and sponges. Both cilia and flagella move due to the association of the cytoskeleton with motor protein, dynein. In combination, they are termed as axonemes.

Answer:

d. The exam score

Explanation:

A dependent variable is one whose variable depends on another. In this case the exam score depends on the variable number of maps and charts.

Answer:c. It is the remnant of the ancient host cell's plasma membrane following endocytosis of the cyanobacterium

Explanation:

The above is however one of the several versions of the endosymbiotic theories that helps to clearify thoughts about the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Answer:

Answer is C. It is the remnant of the ancient host cell's plasma membrane following endocytosis of the cyanobacterium.

Explanation:

Choloroplasts are organelles that contain the green pigment, chlorophyll which is useful or necessary for photosynthesis.

The cyanobacteria are bacteria that are capable of manufacturing their food through a process known as photosynthesis.This is possible , because they possess chlorophyll. They are aquatic in nature, thus use water as an electron-donating substrate in photosynthesis.

Endocytosis is a situation whereby an organism use its membrane for engulfing molecules and fuse it with its membrane, and through this, the molecules will move to its cells.

In this sense, the outer membrane of the chloroplast is believed to have evolved from endocytosis of the cyanobacterium, because the cyanobacterium contains chloroplast.

Answer:

Green algae is divided into chlorophyte and chlorophyte. It possess chlorophyll a and b.

Bryophytes includes the liverworts, mosses and hornworts. It is know tracheaophytes I.e. is not vascular without extensive transport system, it needs water to reproduce sexually. It's Gametophyte is dominant and stomata are absent. (Hornworts possess stomata; it's related to tracheaophytes.

Ferns have vascular tissue, xylem and pholem, stem, root, leaves, dominant sporophyte. It's sporophyte possess rhizomes and fronds plus sporingia aldo called sori. Ferns are seedless vascular plants.

Gymnosperms includes the conifers, cycad e.t.c. It has its ovules resting on a scale. The ovules later develop into the seed. These seeds are naked as there are not enclosed in the chambers.

Angiosperms have flowers and fruits and show diuble fertilization. This is a hugecladethat consists of all flowering plants. Unlike Gymnosperms

They develop enclosed in chambers known as ovaries.

Answer:

There are two structurally and funtionally different surfaces in epithelial tissue.

Explanation:

The outer covering of organs and blood vessels is lined by epithelial cells. These cells also line the inner surface of many cavities in the body.

• Glands are formed of epithelial tissue and divided how they secrete their hormones (Exocrine and Endocrine gland).
• The cells in epithelial tissue are tightly packed.
• One side of cells is free that is not in contact with other cells (outer covering).

Answer:

Polar; Symmetrica; Nonpolar; Lipids

Explanation:

• Benzene is a hydrocarbon with molecular formula C6H6. Benzene contains only atoms of carbon and hydrogen, that are non polar.
• A polar molecule can dissolve only polar and a nonpolar can dissolve only non polar.
• Benzene ring have a 6-Fold symmetry.

Due to its lack of _Polar_ atoms and it's __Symmetrical_ structure, benzene is highly nonpolar. Therefore, only _Nonpolar_ molecules such as lipids will readily dissolve in it. Slightly more _Lipids_ molecules such as fatty acids and cholesterol will have low solubility in benzene.

Answer:

Heterozygous

Explanation:

Let's assume that the allele R gives red flowers while the allele "r" gives white flowers. The genotype of the pure breeding plants with red flowers will be "RR" and that of the pure breeding plants with white flowers will be "rr". The "RR" plant will form all the gametes with one copy of "R" allele only. The "rr" plant will produce all the gametes with one copy of "r" allele only. The fusion of gametes with "R" and "r" alleles will form all the progeny with "Rr" genotype. The phenotype of the progeny will be pink. Since "Rr" genotype has one dominant and one recessive allele, it is heterozygous.

Answer:

Parasympathetic nervous system

Explanation:

The parasympathetic nervous system becomes active when the person is relaxed and resting. During these conditions, the parasympathetic nervous system becomes activated to restore the energy of the body. The function of this system is to promote the digestion and absorption of the nutrients to increase the stored fuel of cells. It activates the digestive glands to secrete the digestive juice and also slows down the responses activated by the sympathetic nervous system during emergency conditions.

Answer:

If she complains about progressive pain or pain while moving the wrist

Explanation:

When the teenage girl fell upon her wrist, she might have broken her wrist. If she complains about progressively increasing pain and also feels pain while moving her wrist, then it would be clear that might be her wrist bone has broken.

Generally people break their bones while playing in games where they try to catch themselves or land on ground on their wrist. Some common early symptoms of broken of bones are – Bruising, tenderness, swelling, deformity in bone, pain in wrist etc.

Answer:

a cell

Explanation:

its the most basic unit of life itself and the nervous system is made up of neurons and glial cells

A mutation that involves one or a few nucleotides is called

a) mutagen

b) inversion

c) point mutation

d) translocation

Answer:

c) point mutation

Explanation:

When only one or a few nucleotides of a gene are changed by mutation, this is called a point mutation. A point mutation can add one additional nucleotide to the wild type gene or may delete or substitute a nucleotide from it. For example, if a wild type gene sequence is "ATATATATA", then the addition of "C" at the position 4 will change it into "ATACTATATA". This addition of new nucleotide is called point mutation since only one nucleotide is added to the gene. Point mutations can cause serious genetic disorders such as sickle cell anemia.

Answer:

POINT mutation

Explanation:

Answer:

Option 1

Explanation:

The complete question is

Genetic variation can aid in the survival of species when the environment changes. Which of the following is the best example of an organism with a genetic variation that could improve survival chances over time?

1. an ant that is resistance to pesticide
2. a wasp that is infected with parasites
3. a cactus that has no spines
4. a mouse that has learned to avoid mousetraps

Solution

The survival chances of ants would be highest among all the species mentioned because it has developed a permanent resistance towards the pesticides used for killing insects. However, a mouse that has learned to avoid mousetrap will also have higher chances of survival but learning something cannot be counted as a genetic change.

Cactus without spines is a genetic change but it will not help in survival in fact it will have a negative impact on survival rate of cactus.

Hence, option 1 is correct

Answer:

1. transcription
2. post-transcriptional modification (RNA splicing)
3. nucleus
4. ribosome
5. translation

Explanation:

Central Dogma of Molecular Biology:

• The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.
• It involves three main processes:

1. DNA replication generates two identical copies or helices of DNA by utilization of a group of enzymes.
2. Transcription is the conversion of genetic information in DNA into mRNA. This process is mediated by RNA polymerase that generates an mRNA by using DNA as template.
3. Translation is the decoding of the mRNA transcript (nucleotide sequence) into an amino acid sequence characteristic for a specific protein.

• Apart from these three main processes, post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications of the mRNA and protein respectively also occur.
• Post-transcriptional modification of pre-mRNA into mature mRNA is called RNA splicing. Splicing removes the non-coding regions or introns and combines the coding regions or exons together. This forms a complete coding transcript.

Answer:

Explanation:

1. Transcription

2. ?

3. Nucleus

4. ribosome

5. Translation

Answer:

The options

A) rapidly increase.

B) rapidly decline.

C) gradually increase.

D) gradually decline.

E) remain unchanged.

The CORRECT ANSWER IS D)

D) gradually decline.

Explanation:

It will decline gradually. The causative factor for the natural deterioration is not shown when only mature adults are kept. The most apparent and favourable use of slot limits. The average median is notably observed when younger ones experience natural deterioration, middle ones are plucked with the majority of the mature ones continuing to be preserved.

In situation where the longer ones are left in captivity slowly, they tend to show more caring capacity, while those who are not kept in captivity will continue heavily and results to a reduction in length, but gradually.

Answer:

The correct answer is egg.

Explanation:

Ovulation refers to the process of discharging of a mature egg from the ovary of a female. The discharging of the egg allows it to get fertilized by the sperm cells developed in a male. Generally, in humans, the only solitary egg is discharged at one time, however, on certain occasions, two or more get discharged at the time of the menstrual cycle.

The egg gets discharged from the ovary on the 14th to 16th day of about 28 days of the menstrual cycle. In case, if the egg does not get fertilized, the egg gets passed from the reproductive tract at the time of menstrual bleeding that begins about two weeks post ovulation.

Answer:

Immature egg cell or oocytes

Explanation:

Immature egg cell named as oocytes is released during ovulation. A female has limited number of eggs or immature oocytes and in a life span only 3000 to 500 egg matures and undergoes the process of ovulation. With the time and aging of women, this egg count reduces.

During ovulation a series of hormones such as Gonadotropin-releasing hormone, Follicle-Stimulating Hormone, Luteinizing Hormone, Progesterone and Estrogen are released to facilitate release of egg

Answer:

The endometrial lining is shed during menstruation and is then regenerated by the hormone estrogen.

Explanation:

The menstrual cycle can be described in terms of:

1. OVARIAN cycle: divided into

-Follicular phase of variable length lasting between 7 and 21 days.

-Ovulation

-Luteal phase which is fairly constant and lasts between 12 and 16 days.

The most common cycle length is 28 days and this occurs in 15% of women in their reproductive age .

The duration of flow is between 2-6 days.

2. ENDOMETRIAL cycle: divided into

-Proliferative phase where there is increase in growth of the functional layer and the endometrial glands under the influence of oestrogen.

-Secretory phase where endometrial changes are influenced by progesterone activity.

The endometrium is made up of the basal layer and the functional layer.

The basal layer remains intact throughout the cycle while the functional layer is shed during each menstruation.

Answer:

4. Monomers

Explanation:

Monomers are small and simpler substances that are bonded together to form large and complex polymers. Many amino acids are bonded by a peptide linkage to form complex polypeptides. Here, amino acids are the monomers while the polypeptides are the polymers. Glucose molecules are bonded by a glycosidic linkage to form cellulose or starch or glycogen. Here, glucose is a monomer while cellulose, starch, and glycogen are the polymers. Therefore, macromolecules are made up of monomers.

Answer:

OptionA, re heard as a high pitched click when the valve should be—but is not—wide open during systole.

Explanation:

Heart murmurs are sound that are heard when the blood flow into the left ventricle but the flow get reduced as compared to the normal flow. The flow reduction happens because of the stenotic valve which has a narrow opening as compared to the opening in valves of a normal heart. Due to reduced valve size, the blood flow becomes fast and turbulent thereby producing murmur sound.

Hence, option A is correct